図８で膀胱内ガスを認めるが，導尿またはフォーリーカテーテルを挿入されていなければ異常である．図７と図８で膀胱左壁が壁肥厚（△）を示し，図５と図６でＳ状結腸と瘻孔を形成している（△）．図４と図５でＳ状結腸に多発性の憩室があり（↑），憩室炎の合併症であるＳ状結腸膀胱瘻と診断する．図７の▲は頭側の尿管拡張を認めないので尿管結石ではなく，静脈結石（phlebolith）である．注腸造影でS状結腸膀胱瘻が証明された（図A）．↑が憩室で，△がＳ状結腸と膀胱間の瘻孔．S状結腸切除と膀胱部分切除を行ったら，両者間に瘻孔を認めた．

文献考察：瘻（孔）．fistula：一つの上皮で覆われている表面から他の上皮で覆われている表面への異常な導管．
Radiology. 2002 Jul;224(1):9-23.
Acquired gastrointestinal fistulas: classification, etiologies, and imaging evaluation.
Pickhardt PJ, Bhalla S, Balfe DM.

Fistulas are abnormal communications between two epithelial-lined surfaces. Gastrointestinal fistulas encompass all such connections that involve the alimentary tract, and they can be congenital or acquired in nature. This review focuses on acquired gastrointestinal fistulas. Development of an acquired gastrointestinal fistula can greatly affect patient outcome, yet the clinical manifestations are often protean in nature and the etiology, elusive. Imaging plays an important role in the detection and management of acquired gastrointestinal fistulas. The more routine use of cross-sectional imaging (especially computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) has altered the standard sequence of radiologic evaluation for possible fistulas, but fluoroscopic studies remain a valuable complement, especially for confirming and defining the anomalous communications. In this review, a classification scheme for gastrointestinal fistulas is provided, major causes are discussed, and individual fistula types are elaborated with an emphasis on contemporary imaging approaches.　PMID: 12091657
追記：分類は表１，原因は表２．腸管膀胱瘻の原因で最も多いのはＳ状結腸憩室炎（Ｓ状結腸膀胱瘻），次いでCrohn病（小腸膀胱瘻），さらにＳ状結腸または直腸癌や膀胱癌である．