応用問題(Practical Exercises)5  解答 【症例 P5-5】

急性虫垂炎.Acute appendicitis



上行結腸(Ac),盲腸(Ce)と骨盤腔内の小腸の液状内容物は麻痺性イレウスを示唆する(画像は省略したが上行結腸から肛門側に閉塞病変はない)ので,下腹部痛と麻痺性イレウスの原因となる病変を検索する.回腸末端(Ti)は図10で分岐する.図12の糞石(↑)から始まり,図11の1から図8の4が腫大した虫垂で,図7〜図9で周囲脂肪組織の濃度上昇(▲)もあり急性虫垂炎である.図12の少量のガスを含む部分(白矢印)が虫垂根部.虫垂壁の造影効果はやや弱く,麻痺性イレウスと骨盤腔内の相当量の腹水(図15と図16:※)を考慮すれば壊死性虫垂炎を疑うべきである.翌日手術となったが,壊死性虫垂炎が穿孔を起こしていた.左側に圧痛と反跳痛を認めた理由は不明であるが,極めてまれに遭遇する症例である.







文献考察:tip appendicitis 7例.
Am J Surg. 2009 Feb;197(2):211-5.
Tip appendicitis: clinical implications and management.
Mazeh H, Epelboym I, Reinherz J, Greenstein AJ, Divino CM.
Department of General Surgery, Hadassash-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tip appendicitis describes a rare condition involving inflammatory changes of the distal appendix. We discuss the significance and management of this entity when it is identified on computed tomography (CT) imaging. METHODS: CT scans performed at our institution between 2003 and 2007 were reviewed to identify cases of tip appendicitis. Patients were divided into 2 groups(positive appendicitis:negative appendicitis), determined by the confirmation of appendicitis on histopathology. Radiological findings and the clinical courses of both groups were documented and compared using univariate analysis. RESULTS: Of 18 patients with the CT finding of tip appendicitis, appendicitis was ultimately confirmed in 39%. Patients in this group had a higher rate of right lower quadrant (RLQ) tenderness (100% vs 55%, P = .04), leukocytosis (14.2 vs 10.5, P = .03), and clinical suspicion for acute appendicitis (43% vs 0%, P = .02). There were no complications or re-admissions. CONCLUSIONS: The CT finding of tip appendicitis can be managed conservatively in a subset of patients with low clinical suspicion for acute appendicitis.PMID: 18789423
  【参照症例】   1. 右下腹部痛(Right Lower Quadrant Pain)シリーズ2 【症例 RE 9】

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